| Name | thiamine |
| Common Name | Vitamin B1 |
| Chemical Formula | C12H17N4OS+ |
| Chemical Class | Pyrimidine-thiazole; Water-soluble vitamin; |
| IUPAC Name | 3-[(4-Amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium |
| CAS Number | 59-43-8 |
| Molecular Weight | 265.3500 g/mol |
| Therapeutic Action | Allopathic: Beriberi treatment; Wernicke encephalopathy; Nutritional deficiency correction; Herbal: Energy metabolism support; Nerve health maintenance; Naturopathic: Thiamine deficiency prevention; Carbohydrate utilization enhancement; TCM: qi tonification; Spleen support; Ayurvedic: Vata balance; Digestive fire promotion; |
| Toxicity | Low toxicity; Rare hypersensitivity; Excess excreted in urine; |
| Solubility | Water-soluble; Slightly soluble in alcohol; Insoluble in fats; |
| Pharmacological Effects | Cocarboxylase in TPP form; Pyruvate dehydrogenase cofactor; Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase cofactor; Transketolase in pentose phosphate pathway; Nerve conduction support; ATP production; |
| Found in Herbs | Oats; Brewer yeast; Wheat germ; Alfalfa; Dandelion; |
| Found in Foods | Pork; Whole grains; Legumes; Nuts; Seeds; Liver; Yeast; |
| Found in Drugs | Thiamine hydrochloride; Benfotiamine; Fursultiamine; Thiamine mononitrate; |
| Research Notes | Deficiency linked to alcoholism; Beriberi prevention in enriched foods; Potential neuroprotective in Alzheimer's; High-dose for diabetic neuropathy; Bioavailability enhanced by benfotiamine; |
| Reference | PubChem CID 1130; Wikipedia: Thiamine; |
| URL | https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Thiamine |
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